Trifluoroacetic Acid
Trifluoroacetic acid is a corrosive organofluorine compound that is structurally analogous to, but stronger than, acetic acid. Available in various quantities and reagent grades, it is used in NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, organic synthesis, etc.
Almost 100,000-fold more acidic than acetic acid, TFA is widely used in organic chemistry. TFA is used as a reagent in organic synthesis because of its properties: volatility, organic solvent solubility, and acidic strength. It is less oxidizing than sulfuric acid and is more readily available in its anhydrous form than some other acids . Other features include:
- Used in acid-catalyzed reactions, especially peptide synthesis (to cleave esters)
- Dissolves protein when mixed with liquid SO2
- Removes t-butyl derived side-chain protecting groups in Fmoc peptide synthesis
- Can remove the t-butoxycarbonyl protecting group in organic synthesis
- At low concentrations, acts as an ion-pairing agent for peptides and small proteins in organic compound liquid chromatography
- For acid-stable materials, can be a solvent for NMR spectroscopy
- Acts as a calibrant in mass spectrometry
- Used to produce trifluoroacetate salts
- An ingredient in adhesives, sealants, paints, and coatings
When TFA combines with bases and metals, especially light metals, a strong exothermic reaction occurs. When mixed with lithium aluminum hydride (LAH), the reaction is explosive.
Although nonflammable, TFA is corrosive to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes and requires careful use and handling. It is harmful when inhaled, causes severe skin burns and eye damage, and is toxic to aquatic organisms at even low concentrations.
TFA is also a product of the metabolic breakdown of the anesthetic agent halothane. It is the suspected cause of halothane-induced hepatitis.
Medchemexpress LLC KS-133 (TFA) | 98.95% | 1672.93 | 1 MG
KS-133 TFA is a highly selective and potent antagonist of the vascular active enteropeptide receptor 2 (VIPR2). It reverses the tumor-promoting M2 phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages to the anti-tumor M1 phenotype, alters the tumor immune microenvironment, and inhibits tumor growth. It is suitable for research on schizophrenia and cancer immune regulation.
- Highly selective and potent VIPR2 antagonist
- IC50 values for Ca influx measurement: 24.8 nM; cAMP measurement: 500 nM
- Reverses M2 to M1 macrophage phenotype
- Alters tumor immune microenvironment and inhibits tumor growth
- Inhibits excessive VIPR2 activation, preventing cognitive impairments and neuronal damage
- Demonstrates anti-tumor activity and synergistic effects with anti-PD-1 antibodies
Medchemexpress LLC Tcmcb07 tfa | 1456699-27-6 | 99.69% | 1344.5 g/mol | 1 MG
TCMCB07 TFA is a cyclic nonapeptide, recognized as an orally active and brain-penetrant antagonist of the melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R). It is noted for its important role in cachexia and exhibits potential transport capabilities.
- Cyclic nonapeptide MC4R antagonist
- Orally active and brain-penetrant
- Important for cachexia research
- Exhibits potential transport capabilities
- Known to stimulate food intake and weight gain in rats
Medchemexpress LLC Kisspeptin 13 TFA | 98.9% | 1626.81 | 1 MG
Kisspeptin 13 TFA is the TFA salt form of Kisspeptin 13 (HY-P3641). It inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion with an IC50 of 1.2 nM. Kisspeptin 13 TFA activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, causes hyperthermia, motor behavior and anxiety in rats. This compound interacts with α2-adrenergic and 5-HT2 serotonin receptors and exhibits antidepressant efficacy. It is an activator for GPR54 and GnRH receptor, enhancing memory and being useful in Alzheimer's disease research.
- Inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion (IC50 of 1.2 nM)
- Activates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
- Causes hyperthermia, motor behavior and anxiety in rats
- Interacts with α2-adrenergic and 5-HT2 serotonin receptors
- Exhibits antidepressant efficacy
- Activator for GPR54 and GnRH receptor
- Enhances memory
- Useful in Alzheimer's disease research
Medchemexpress LLC Caloxin 2A1 TFA | 99.9% | 1592.54 | 25 MG
Caloxin 2A1 TFA is an extracellular plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) peptide inhibitor. It does not affect basal Mg2+-ATPase or Na+-K+-ATPase.
- Extracellular plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) peptide inhibitor.
- Does not affect basal Mg2+-ATPase or Na+-K+-ATPase.
- Inhibits Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase in human erythrocyte leaky ghosts.
- Inhibits Ca2+-dependent formation of the 140-kDa acid-stable acylphosphate.
- Increases airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) apoptosis.
Medchemexpress LLC SAIRGA (TFA) | 99.6% | 573.64 | 1 MG
SAIRGA (TFA) is a chemical derived from the phages phi3T, capable of recognizing phAimR in the bacterial cytosol to induce lysogeny. This product is suitable for use as a laboratory chemical in the manufacture of various substances.
- Solid appearance
- Has a purity of 99.6%
- Features a molecular weight of 573.64
- Stable under recommended storage conditions
- Suitable for research applications only
- Store at -80°C for up to 2 years or -20°C for up to 1 year (powder, sealed storage, away from moisture and light)
Medchemexpress LLC REDV TFA | >99.81% | 517.53 | 25 MG
REDV TFA is the minimal active sequence within the CS5 site of the alternatively spliced type III connecting segment (IIICS) region of fibronectin. It mediates adhesion to the IIICS region of plasma fibronectin by binding the integrin alpha 4 beta 1 (α4β1). This peptide can be utilized in the research of cell adhesion.
- Target: Integrin
- Pathway: Cytoskeleton
- Storage (powder): -80°C for 2 years, -20°C for 1 year (sealed, away from moisture and light)
- Storage (in solvent): -80°C for 6 months, -20°C for 1 month (sealed, away from moisture and light)
- Solubility (in vitro): H₂O: 100 mg/mL (requires ultrasonic)
- Biological activity: Mediates adhesion to the IIICS region of plasma fibronectin by binding the integrin alpha 4 beta 1(a4β1)
Medchemexpress LLC Tcmcb07 (TFA) | 99.7% | 1230.46 (free base) | 5 MG
TCMCB07 (TFA) is a chemical product from MedChemExpress USA, identified for use as laboratory chemicals and for the manufacture of substances. It is supplied as a solid and is stable under recommended storage conditions.
- Designed for laboratory use and substance manufacturing
- Stable under recommended storage conditions
- Supplied as a solid
- Storage recommended at -80°C for 2 years or -20°C for 1 year (powder)
- Sealed storage, away from moisture and light
Medchemexpress LLC Pro8-oxytocin (TFA) | 24327-19-3 | 99.7% | 1 MG
Pro8-Oxytocin TFA is a modified oxytocin (OXT) ligand. It produces more potent and efficacious responses at primate OXTR and stronger behavioral effects compared to the consensus mammalian OXT ligand. It also elicits a less efficacious response than vasopressin at human AVPR1a and a higher efficacious response than vasopressin at marmoset AVPR1a.
- Modified oxytocin (OXT) ligand
- Produces more potent and efficacious responses at primate OXTR
- Exhibits stronger behavioral effects than the consensus mammalian OXT ligand
- Elicits a less efficacious response than vasopressin at human AVPR1a
- Elicits a higher efficacious response than vasopressin at marmoset AVPR1a
- Activates Ca2+ mobilization in AVPR1a in CHO cells
- Binds with higher affinity at primate OXTR
Medchemexpress LLC Maculatin 1.1 TFA | 96.9% | 2145.55 | 500 UG
Maculatin 1.1 TFA is an antimicrobial peptide that exhibits a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 7 μM against *Staphylococcus aureus*. This peptide functions by perforating the bacterial membrane of *Staphylococcus aureus*, ultimately leading to bacterial death.
- Antimicrobial peptide.
- Effective against *Staphylococcus aureus* with an MIC of 7 μM.
- Works by perforating the bacterial membrane.
Medchemexpress LLC Ac-Cys-Pro-Pro-Tyr-Leu-Pro-cyclo(Lys-Tyr-Leu-Cys-Asp)-Leu-Ile-NH2 (disulfide bridge :Cys1-Cys10) | 99.0% | 1672.93 | 10 MG
KS-133 TFA is a highly selective and potent antagonist of the vascular active enteropeptide receptor 2 (VIPR2), primarily used in research for schizophrenia and cancer immune regulation.
- Highly selective and potent VIPR2 antagonist.
- Reverses tumor-promoting M2 macrophage phenotype to anti-tumor M1, altering tumor immune microenvironment.
- Inhibits tumor growth.
- Can be formulated as nanoparticles to cross the blood-brain barrier.
- Enhances anti-tumor and neuroprotective activities.
- Prevents VIPR2 over-activation, safeguarding against cognitive impairments and neuronal structural damage in mice.
- Demonstrates anti-tumor activity in murine models, synergistic with anti-PD-1 antibodies.
Medchemexpress LLC Pemvidutide (TFA) | 2538014-94-5 | 98.1% | C182H275N39O54.xC2HF3O2 | 25 MG
Pemvidutide TFA (ALT-801) is a GLP-1R/GCGR dual agonist that causes significant reductions in body weight, liver fat, and serum lipids. It is used in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and obesity research.
- Causes striking reductions in body weight, liver fat, and serum lipids
- Applicable for research in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and obesity
- Improved NASH outcomes in C57BL6/J mice
- Lowered hepatic lipids
- Lowered liver weight
- Reduced biomarkers of liver injury (plasma ALT and AST)
- Decreased the inflammation marker galactin-3
- Reduced the fibrosis marker Col1a1
- Lowered the NAS score
Medchemexpress LLC LP17 TFA (LQVTDSGLYRCVIYHPP TFA) | 99.2% | 1961.24 | 5 MG
LP17 (LQVTDSGLYRCVIYHPP) TFA is a BBB-penetrable triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM-1) inhibitory peptide. It substantially alleviates ischemia-induced infarction and neuronal injury by accessing the brain and blocking TREM-1. For research use only.
- Decreases mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines.
- Attenuates extracellular protein levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in a microglia oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model.
- Interacts with microglial SYK.
- Alleviates ischemia-induced infarction and neuronal injury in mice.
- Reduces infarct volume by 27.3%.
- Reduces TUNEL positive cells and FJC positive neurons.
- Rescues neurological deficits and cognitive dysfunction.
- Inhibits microglial M1 polarization and neutrophil infiltration.
Medchemexpress LLC IIQLPEIVVV TFA | 99.9% | 1122.40 | 1 MG
IIQLPEIVVV TFA is a specific inhibitor of Drp1-Mff interaction. It can distinguish physiological from pathological fission and block physiological fission, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. It can be used in the study of Huntington's disease.
- Specific inhibitor of Drp1-Mff interaction
- Distinguishes physiological from pathological fission
- Blocks physiological fission
- Leads to mitochondrial dysfunction
- Used in the study of Huntington's disease
- Purity of 99.91%
- White to off-white solid appearance
- Sequence: Ile-Ile-Gln-Leu-Pro-Glu-Ile-Val-Val-Val